PEDRO ENCINA—The Mapuche mastered the horse in a masterly manner. Various chroniclers and authors refer to the techniques they used to dominate the horse: riding on the horse’s belly when fleeing into the forest, transporting the infant by the horse’s tail on slopes and in swamps, carrying a warrior on the apa in what was known as mounted infantry. Horse and warrior became one. The Araucanian could spend full days on horseback, as he carried his food and weapons on his horse.
Different methods of warfare were also implemented, such as: the attack by lines that included almost a hundred warriors, the use of archers, lancers and melee attack warriors. In the latter case, weapons such as pikes, arrows and clubs were used, according to the soldier and chronicler of the early 1600s, Alonso González de Nájera in the text “Desengaño y reparo de la guerra del reino de Chile” (Disappointments and clarifications about the war of the kingdom of Chile).